What distinguishes a virus from a worm in computer security?

The distinguishing factor about a worm in computer security is its ability to self-replicate and spread independently across networks without requiring any user action. Unlike viruses, which typically need to attach themselves to a host file and rely on users to execute that file for propagation, worms are standalone programs that can exploit vulnerabilities in systems or network software. This allows them to automatically replicate and distribute themselves throughout networks, causing widespread damage or congestion.

Worms can spread through various means, such as exploiting software vulnerabilities, sending themselves via email, or using file-sharing methods. This self-sufficient method of replication is what primarily sets them apart from viruses, which must rely on some form of user interaction or specific action to spread.