Which topology indicates that if the central hub fails, all nodes attached to it will also fail?

In a star topology, all nodes are connected to a central hub or switch. This central point is crucial for the overall network functionality because it acts as a repeater and allows communication between the connected devices. If the central hub fails, every node that relies on this hub for data transmission will also become inoperable.

This characteristic highlights a significant vulnerability in star topologies: the entire network could go down if the central hub is compromised. Conversely, in other topologies like mesh, bus, or ring, the network can still maintain functionality even if one connection or node fails, as they have different structures and redundancy components. For example, in a mesh topology, devices are interconnected in such a way that multiple paths exist for data, while a linear bus topology relies on a single cable where a break affects only the segments connected to it. In a ring topology, a failure in one node can disrupt the entire network, but not through a central hub. Therefore, it is the star topology that explicitly shows dependence on a single central point whose failure leads to the failure of all connected nodes.